Answers

What are the contraindications of using the oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate (OTFC) lozenges for the management of moderate pain?

The contraindications for opioids, including fentanyl, are hypovolemic shock, respiratory distress, unconsciousness, or severe head injury.

Which CoTCCC-recommended analgesia medications can be given by the intranasal route?

In the TFC setting, the medications that are potentially delivered intranasally include: ketamine and naloxone

What is the difference between meloxicam and other common NSAID medications? 

Unlike the other NSAID medications that inhibit platelet function and can lead to increased bleeding risk, meloxicam is a preferential COX-2 inhibitor that spares platelet function so it does not interfere with hemostasis. 

What is the pharmacological agent of choice to treat moderate to severe pain in a casualty that is in shock?

If the casualty is in moderate to severe pain, and the casualty is in shock, or at risk of shock or pulmonary compromise, ketamine is the agent of choice. 

What anatomical sites can be used to safely administer an intramuscular injection?

The three potential sites are the deltoid, the thigh, and the buttock.