An extensive discussion of decontamination is outside the scope of this CPG, however basic decontamination principles are outlined below. (Figure 1)
1. Prevent further casualties by applying PPE before treating others.
2. Remove all clothing and equipment. Contain and dispose of contaminated material appropriately.
3. If radiologic exposure, cover wounds before further decontamination. Ensure gentle decontamination as radionuclide absorption may be increased if skin becomes erythematous.
4. Decontamination Solutions
a. Soap and water in copious amounts
b. 0.5% Hypochlorite Solution
c. Reactive Skin Decontamination Lotion (RSDL)
d. Surgical solutions for open chest and abdominal cavity wounds
e. Water, saline, or eye solutions are recommended for the eye
5. Standard infectious disease protective measures should be utilized for biological agents
6. Internal decontamination will be discussed in detail in the medical management of radiologic exposure and nuclear events