## TRANSFUSION MONITORING AND REASSESSMENT

- Measure and record baseline values of vital signs and perfusion parameters prior to the start of the transfusion. Values to measure include: rectal temperature, heart rate, pulse rate and quality, respiratory rate, mucous membrane color, capillary refill time, and blood pressure (if equipment is available).
- Reassess vital signs:
  - Every 5 minutes for the first 15 minutes, then
  - Every 15 minutes for the first hour, then
  - Every 30-60 minutes until completion of the transfusion.
- Capture a final set of vital signs at the conclusion of the transfusion.
- Re-evaluate a PCV and TS one to two-hour post-transfusion.

## TRANSFUSION REACTIONS

- Transfusion reactions of concern with canine WB transfusions include acute hemolysis, allergic/anaphylactic hypersensitivity, febrile non-hemolytic, and delayed hemolysis. (See Table 10 below.)
- Supportive treatment should address the type and severity of the reaction, but in all cases the transfusion should be stopped immediately to allow for further assessment of the patient and donor bag before continuing.
- For mild reactions, decreasing the transfusion rate (typically decrease the rate by 50%) may be all that is needed to avoid further issues. If signs of transfusion reaction persist or worsen, the transfusion should be halted and the supporting 64F should be consulted.

Note: A 64F is a veterinary clinical specialist typically found at the veterinary unit co-located with the human Role 3 and higher facilities. A 64F can also be reached via the ADVISOR Trauma Care Helpline, Option #5.