- Heron M. Deaths: Leading causes for 2017. Natl Vital Stat Rep 2019;68:1-77.
- The Top 10 Causes of Death. 2018 https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/the-top-10-causes-of-death
- Shrestha A, Ho TE, Loryana L. et al. Comparison of cardiovascular health between U.S. Army and Civilians. J Am Heart Assoc. Originally published 5 Jun 2019.
- 2019 Health of the Force. 2019.
- Osula S, Bell GM, Hornung RS. Acute myocardial infarction in young adults: causes and management. Postgraduate Medical Journal 2002;78:27-30.
- Webber BJ, Seguin PG, Burnett DG, et al. Prevalence of and risk factors for autopsy-determined atherosclerosis among US service members, 2001-2011. Jama 2012;308:2577-83.
- Galvagno SM, Dubose JJ, Grissom TE, et al. The epidemiology of Critical Care Air Transport Team operations in contemporary warfare. Mil Med 2014;179:612-8.
- Sweis RN, Jivan A. Acute coronary syndrome: Terminology and classification. Merck Manual 2020. https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/cardiovascular-disorders/coronary-artery-disease/overview-of-acute-coronary-syndromes-acs
- Tintinalli JE, Ma OJ, Yealy DM, et al. Tintinalli's Emergency medicine: a comprehensive study guide, 9e. https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/book.aspx?bookID=2353 Accessed May 2021.
- Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M. Rosen's emergency medicine: concepts and clinical practice. Elsevier, 2018.
- Gu D, Qu J, Zhang H, Zheng Z. Revascularization for coronary artery disease: Principle and challenges. Adv Exp Med Biol 2020;1177:75-100.
- Steinberg JS, Hochman JS, Morgan CD, et al. Effects of thrombolytic therapy administered 6 to 24 hours after myocardial infarction on the signal-averaged ECG. Results of a multicenter randomized trial. LATE Ancillary Study Investigators. Late assessment of thrombolytic efficacy. Circulation 1994;90:746-52.
- O'Gara PT, Kushner FG, Ascheim DD, et al. The American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association guideline for the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction: executive summary. Circulation. 2013;127:529–555 https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0b013e3182742c84 Accessed May 2021.
- McManus DD, Gore J, Yarzebski J, Spencer F, Lessard D, Goldberg RJ. Recent trends in the incidence, treatment, and outcomes of patients with STEMI and NSTEMI. Am J Med 2011;124:40-7.
- Khan AR, Golwala H, Tripathi A, et al. Impact of total occlusion of culprit artery in acute non-ST elevation myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Heart J 2017;38:3082-9.
- Canto JG, Shlipak MG, Rogers WJ, et al. Prevalence, clinical characteristics, and mortality among patients with myocardial infarction presenting without chest pain. Jama 2000;283:3223-9.
- Thygesen K, Alpert JS, Jaffe AS, et al. Third universal definition of myocardial infarction. Glob Heart 2012;7:275-95.
- Amsterdam EA, Wenger NK, Brindis RG, et al. The American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association guideline for the management of patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes: executive summary. Circulation 2014;130:2354-94.
- Thygesen K, Alpert JS, Jaffe AS, et al. Fourth universal definition of myocardial infarction (2018). Circulation 2018;138:e618-e51.
- 12-Lead ECG placement guide with illustrations https://www.cablesandsensors.com/pages/12-lead-ecg-placement-guide-with-illustrations Accessed May 2021..
- Anterior Myocardial Infarction. 2019. https://litfl.com/anterior-myocardial-infarction-ecg-library/ Accessed May 2021.
- Inferior STEMI. 2019. https://litfl.com/inferior-stemi-ecg-library/ Accessed May 2021.
- Lateral STEMI. 2019. https://litfl.com/lateral-stemi-ecg-library/ Accessed May 2021.
- Meyers PH, Smith SW. Acute coronary syndromes. In: Mattu A and Swadron S, ed. CorePendium. Burbank, CA: CorePendium, LLC. https://www.emrap.org/corependium/chapter/rec8tYnfjz2FpdGrE/Acute-Coronary-Syndromes. Updated April 23, 2021. Accessed May 18, 2021.
- Goldberger, AL. Electrocardiographic diagnosis of myocardial infarction in the presence of bundle branch block or a paced rhythm. Updated 13 Oct 2020. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/electrocardiographic-diagnosis-of-myocardial-infarction-in-the-presence-of-bundle-branch-block-or-a-paced-rhythm Accessed May 2021.
- Smith SW, Dodd KW, Henry TD, et al. Diagnosis of ST-elevation myocardial infarction in the presence of left bundle branch block with the ST-elevation to S-wave ratio in a modified Sgarbossa rule. Ann Emerg Med 2012;60:766-76.
- Burns E, Buttner R. De Winter T Wave. 27 Apr 2021. https://litfl.com/de-winter-t-wave-ecg-library/ Accessed May 2021.
- Burns E, Buttner R. ST elevation in aVR. 05 Apr 2021 https://litfl.com/lmca-occlusion-st-elevation-in-avr/ Accessed May 2021.
- Zarama V, Adams CD, Vesga CE. A patient with chest pain and hyperacute T Waves. Chest 2018;154:e161-e4.
- Cadogan M. Wellens Syndrome. 2021. https://litfl.com/wellens-syndrome-ecg-library/
- Burns E. Posterior myocardial infarction. 04 Feb 2021.https://litfl.com/posterior-myocardial-infarction-ecg-library/ Accessed May 2021.
- Winter, J. Posterior ECG lead placement. 2016. https://ecg-educator.blogspot.com/2016/02/posterior-ecg-lead-placement.html Accessed May 2021.
- Burns E, Buttner R. Right Ventricular Infarction. 2021. https://litfl.com/right-ventricular-infarction-ecg-library/ Accessed May 2021.
- Meine TJ, Roe MT, Chen AY, et al. Association of intravenous morphine use and outcomes in acute coronary syndromes: results from the CRUSADE Quality Improvement Initiative. Am Heart J 2005;149:1043-9.
- Kontos MC, Diercks DB, Ho PM, et al. Treatment and outcomes in patients with myocardial infarction treated with acute β-blocker therapy: results from the American College of Cardiology's NCDR(®). Am Heart J 2011;161:864-70.
- Rao SV, Jollis JG, Harrington RA, et al. Relationship of blood transfusion and clinical outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Jama 2004;292:1555-62.
- Aronson D, Dann EJ, Bonstein L, et al. Impact of red blood cell transfusion on clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol. 2008 Jul 15;102(2):115-9.
- Dastur CK, Yu W. Current management of spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage. Stroke Vasc Neurol 2017;2:21-9.
- van Diepen S, Katz JN, Albert NM, et al. Contemporary management of cardiogenic shock: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2017;136:e232-e68.
- Burns, E. Accelerated Idioventricular Rhythm (AIVR). 04 Feb 2021. https://litfl.com/accelerated-idioventricular-rhythm-aivr/ Accessed May 2021.
- Page RL, 2nd, O'Bryant CL, Cheng D, et al. Drugs that may cause or exacerbate heart failure: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2016;134:e32-69.