Background

Care provided to Military Working Dogs (MWDs) in an operational environment may be provided by veterinary and human healthcare providers. Understanding normal physiological parameters is essential for identifying abnormal clinical status in an MWD and assessing response to treatment.

Unique clinical anatomy of MWDs must also be understood to perform medical interventions and to monitor changes in physiologic status. MWDs will also traumatize medical devices and require additional interventions to maintain MWD safety.