ENVIRONMENT (HYPOTHERMIA MANAGEMENT)

- Keep the victim warm (use core temperature instead of infrared devices - a low range refrigerator thermometer may be necessary). Stabilize body temperature - dry and insulate the patient to prevent heat loss.11,21-22
- Mild hypothermia: 34-35°C (93.2-95°F): passive rewarming (i.e. warm blankets and environment).
- Moderate hypothermia: 30-34°C (86-93.2°F): active external rewarming will be required when available (i.e. heating blankets, radiant heat, forced hot air, warmed IV fluids at 43°C (109°F), warm water packs).
- Severe hypothermia: < 30°C (86°F): active internal rewarming will be required when available (peritoneal lavage, esophageal rewarming tubes, cardiopulmonary bypass, extracorporeal circulation); consider extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Withhold ACLS medications until temperature >30°C (86°F).16