1 Montgomery, HR, et al. Tactical Combat Casualty Care Quick Reference Guideline, 1st Ed. 2017. Page 13. Available at https://deployedmedicine.com/market/11/content/87, accessed 15 Dec 21.

2 Davis JM, Stinner DJ, Bailey JR, et al. Factors associated with mortality in combat-related pelvic fractures. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2012;20(suppl 1): S7–S12.

3 White CE, Hsu JR, Holcomb JB. Hemodynamically unstable pelvic fractures. Injury. 2009;40: 1023–1030.

4 Bailey JR, Stinner DJ, Blackbourne LH, et al. Combat-related pelvis fractures in nonsurvivors. J Trauma 2011;71: S58–S61.

5 Tactical Combat Casualty Care Guidelines, 15 December 2021, para 6.a. https://deployedmedicine.com/market/31/content/40, accessed 15 Dec 21.

6 Davis DD, Foris LA, Kane SM, et al. Pelvic Fracture. [Updated 2021 Aug 8]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430734/, accessed 15 Dec 21.

7 Shlamovitz G.Z., Mower W.R., Bergman J. How (un)useful is the pelvic ring stability examination in diagnosing mechanically unstable pelvic fractures in blunt trauma patients? J Trauma. 2009;66(3): 815–820.

8 Halawi MJ. Pelvic ring injuries: Emergency assessment and management. J Clin Orthop Trauma. 2015;6(4): 252-258.

9 Tactical Combat Casualty Care Guidelines, 15 December 2021, para 6.a. https://deployedmedicine.com/market/31/content/40, accessed 15 Dec 21.

10 Knops SP, Schep NWL, Spoor CW, et al. Comparison of three different pelvic circumferential compression devices: a biomechanical cadaver study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2011;93: 230–240.

11 DeAngelis NA, Wixted JJ, Drew J, et al. Use of the trauma pelvic orthotic device (T-POD) for provisional stabilization of anterior-posterior compression type pelvic fractures: a cadaveric study. Injury. 2008;39: 903–906.

12 Bryson DJ, Davidson R, Mackenzie R. Pelvic circumferential compression devices (PCCDs): a best evidence equipment review. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2012;38: 439–442.

13 Bonner TJ, Eardley WG, Newell N, Masouros S, Matthews JJ, Gibb I, Clasper JC. Accurate placement of a pelvic binder improves reduction of unstable fractures of the pelvic ring. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2011 Nov;93(11): 1524-8.

14 Kuner V, van Veelen N, Studer S, Van de Wall B, Fornaro J, Stickel M, Knobe M, Babst R, Beeres FJP, Link BC. Application of Pelvic Circumferential Compression Devices in Pelvic Ring Fractures-Are Guidelines Followed in Daily Practice? J Clin Med. 2021 Mar 21;10(6): 1297.

15 Gardner MJ, Parada S, Chip Routt ML Jr. Internal rotation and taping of the lower extremities for closed pelvic reduction. J Orthop Trauma. 2009 May-Jun;23(5): 361-4.

16 Shackelford S, Hammesfahr R, Morissette D, Montgomery HR, Kerr W, Broussard M, Bennett BL, Dorlac WC, Bree S, Butler FK. The Use of Pelvic Binders in Tactical Combat Casualty Care: TCCC Guidelines Change 1602 7 November 2016. J Spec Oper Med. 2017 Spring;17(1): 135-147.

17 Routt MLC, Falicov A, Woodhouse E, et al. Circumferential pelvic antishock sheeting: a temporary resuscitation aid. J Orthop Trauma. 2002;16: 45–48.

18 Prasarn ML, Conrad B, Small J, et al. Comparison of circumferential pelvic sheeting versus the T-POD on unstable pelvic injuries: a cadaveric study of stability. Injury. 2013;44: 1756–1759.

19 Nunn T, Cosker TDA, Bose D, et al. Immediate application of improvised pelvic binder as first step in extended resuscitation from life-threatening hypovolemic shock in conscious patients with unstable pelvic injuries. Injury. 2007;38: 125–128.

20 Bailey RA, Simon EM, Kreiner A, Powers D, Baker L, Giles C, Sweet R, Rush SC. Commercial and Improvised Pelvic Compression Devices: Applied Force and Implications for Hemorrhage Control. J Spec Oper Med. 2021 Spring;21(1): 44-48.

21 Improvised Pelvic Compression Device Instruction. Combat Medic/Corpsman Tactical Combat Casualty Care Skill Instructions. Module 9. 23 Jan 2021.

22 Prehospital Trauma Life Support, 9th Edition, Military Edition. Chapter 25, p 798.

23 Lee C, Porter KM, Hodgetts TJ. Tourniquet use in the civilian prehospital setting. Emerg Med J. 2007;24(8): 584-587.

24 Applying a Tourniquet. Stop the Bleed. Department of Homeland Security. Available at https://www.amr.net/about/medicine/stopthebleed/stb-wound-packing-applying-tourniquet.pdf, accessed 15 Dec 21.

25 Phillips R, Friberg M, Lantz Cronqvist M, Jonson C-O, Prytz E (2020) Visual estimates of blood loss by medical laypeople: Effects of blood loss volume, victim gender, and perspective. PLoS ONE 15(11): e0242096.

26 Phillips R, Friberg M, Lantz Cronqvist M, Jonson C-O, Prytz E. Visual Blood Loss Estimation Accuracy: Directions for Future Research Based on a Systematic Literature Review. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting. 2020;64(1): 1411-1415.

27 Prehospital Trauma Life Support, 9th Edition, Military Edition. Chapter 25, p 798.

28 Prehospital Trauma Life Support, 9th Edition, Military Edition. Chapter 25, p 798.

29 Shackelford SA, Butler FK, Kragh JF, et al. Optimizing the use of Limb Tourniquets in Tactical Combat Casualty Care: TCCC Guidelines Change 14-02. J Spec Oper Med. 2015;15: 17-31.

30 Dayan L, Zinmann C, Stahl S, Norman D. Complications Associated with Prolonged Tourniquet Application on the Battlefield. Military Medicine. Volume 173, Issue 1, January 2008: Pages 63–66.

31 Drew B, Bird D, Matteucci M, Keenan S. Tourniquet Conversion: A Recommended Approach in the Prolonged Field Care Setting. J Spec Oper Med. 2015 Fall;15(3): 81-5.

32 Drew B, Bird D, Matteucci M, Keenan S. Tourniquet Conversion: A Recommended Approach in the Prolonged Field Care Setting. J Spec Oper Med. 2015 Fall;15(3): 82-3, Figures 1-7.

33 Tourniquet Conversion Instruction. Combat Medic/Corpsman Tactical Combat Casualty Care Skill Instructions. Module 9. 23 Jan 2021.

34 Walters TJ, Mabry RL. Issues related to the use of tourniquets on the battlefield. Mil Med. 2005; 170: 770–775.

35 Drew B, Bird D, Matteucci M, Keenan S. Tourniquet Conversion: A Recommended Approach in the Prolonged Field Care Setting. J Spec Oper Med. 2015 Fall;15(3): 82.

36 Shackelford SA, Butler FK, Kragh JF, et al. Optimizing the use of Limb Tourniquets in Tactical Combat Casualty Care: TCCC Guidelines Change 14-02. J Spec Oper Med. 2015;15: 17-31.

37 Dayan L, Zinmann C, Stahl S, Norman D. Complications Associated with Prolonged Tourniquet Application on the Battlefield. Military Medicine. Volume 173, Issue 1, January 2008: Pages 63–66

38 Prehospital Trauma Life Support, 9th Edition, Military Edition. Chapter 25, p 798.

39 Hemostatic Dressings and Devices. TCCC Recommended Devices and Adjuncts. Available at https://books.allogy.com/web/tenant/8/books/f94aad5b-78f3-42be-b3de-8e8d63343866/#id4e06a027-d62f-4928-9e3b-912491b17dab, accessed 16 Dec 21.

40 Bennett BL, Littlejohn LF, Kheirabadi BS, Butler FK, Kotwal RS, Dubick MA, Bailey JA. Management of External Hemorrhage in Tactical Combat Casualty Care: Chitosan-Based Hemostatic Gauze Dressings--TCCC Guidelines-Change 13-05. J Spec Oper Med. 2014 Fall;14(3): 40-57.

41 Tactical Combat Casualty Care Guidelines, 15 December 2021, para 3.b. (missing Link)

42 Wound Packing and Pressure Bandage Instruction. Massive Hemorrhage Control in TFC Skill Instructions. Tactical Combat Casualty Care Course for Combat Lifesavers, Module 6. Available at https://learning-media.allogy.com/api/v1/pdf/5b775216-5bdd-48ae-b21d-4a55dd40b915/contents, accessed 16 Dec 21.

55 Morrison JJ. Noncompressible Torso Hemorrhage. Crit Care Clin. 2017 Jan;33(1): 37-54.

56 Morrison JJ, Rasmussen TE. Noncompressible torso hemorrhage: a review with contemporary definitions and management strategies. Surg Clin North Am. 2012 Aug;92(4): 843-58.

57 Prehospital Trauma Life Support, 9th Edition, Military Edition. Chapter 25, p 801.

58 Butler F, Blackbourne L, Gross KL. The Combat Medic Aid Bag: 2025 - CoTCCC Top 10 recommended battlefield trauma care research, development, and evaluation priorities for 2015. J Spec Oper Med. 2015;15: 7-19.

59 Cannon J, Morrison J, Lauer C, Grabo D, Polk T, Blackbourne L, Dubose J, Rasmussen T. Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA) for Hemorrhagic Shock. Mil Med. 2018 Sep 1;183(suppl_2): 55-59.

60 Glaser J, et al. Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA) for Hemorrhagic Shock (CPG ID:38). Joint Trauma System Clinical Practice Guideline. 31 Mar 2020. Available at https://jts.amedd.army.mil/assets/docs/cpgs/Resuscitative_Endovascular_Balloon_Occlusion_of_the_Aorta_(REBOA)_for_Hemorrhagic_Shock_31_Mar_2020_ID38.pdf, accessed 16 Dec 21.

61 Ribeiro J, Maurício AD, Costa CTK, Néder PR, Augusto SS, Di-Saverio S, Brenner M. Expanding indications and results for the use of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta - REBOA. Rev Col Bras Cir. 2019 Dec 20;46(5): e20192334.

62 Rasmussen T, Eliason J. Military-civilian partnership in device innovation: development, commercial and application of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2017 Oct;83(4): 732-735.

63 DuBose J, Scalea T, Brenner M, et al. The AAST prospective aortic occlusion for resuscitation in trauma and acute care surgery (AORTA) registry: data on contemporary utilization and outcomes of aortic occlusion and resuscitative balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA). J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2016;81: 409-419.

64 Manley J, Mitchell B, DuBose J, Rasmussen T. A modern case series of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) in an out-of-hospital, combat casualty care setting. J Spec Oper Med. 2017;17: 1-8.

65 Stokes SC, Theodorou CM, Zakaluzny SA, DuBose JJ, Russo RM. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in combat casualties: The past, present, and future. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2021 Aug 1;91(2S Suppl 2): S56-S64.

66 Stannard A, Morrison JJ, Scott DJ, et al. The epidemiology of noncompressible torso hemorrhage in the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2013;74(3): 830–4.

67 Glaser J, et al. Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA) for Hemorrhagic Shock (CPG ID:38). Joint Trauma System Clinical Practice Guideline. 31 Mar 2020. Available at https://jts.amedd.army.mil/assets/docs/cpgs/Resuscitative_Endovascular_Balloon_Occlusion_of_the_Aorta_(REBOA)_for_Hemorrhagic_Shock_31_Mar_2020_ID38.pdf, accessed 16 Dec 21.

68 Inoue J, Shiraishi A, Yoshiyuki A, Haruta K, Matsui H, Otomo Y. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta might be dangerous in patients with severe torso trauma: A propensity score analysis. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2016;80: 559-567.

69 Reva VA, Matsumura Y, Hörer T, et al. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta: what is the optimum occlusion time in an ovine model of hemorrhagic shock? Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2018 Aug;44(4): 511-518.

70 Glaser J, et al. Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA) for Hemorrhagic Shock (CPG ID:38). Joint Trauma System Clinical Practice Guideline. 31 Mar 2020. Available at https://jts.amedd.army.mil/assets/docs/cpgs/Resuscitative_Endovascular_Balloon_Occlusion_of_the_Aorta_(REBOA)_for_Hemorrhagic_Shock_31_Mar_2020_ID38.pdf, accessed 16 Dec 21.

71 Northern DM, Manley JD, Lyon R, et al. Recent advances in austere combat surgery: Use of aortic balloon occlusion as well as blood challenges by special operations medical forces in recent combat operations. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2018 Jul;85(1S Suppl 2): S98-S103

72 Marquis-Gravel G1, Tremblay-Gravel M1, Lévesque J1, Généreux P1,2,3, Schampaert E1, Palisaitis D1, Doucet M1, Charron T1, Terriault P1, Tessier P1. Ultrasound guidance versus anatomical landmark approach for femoral artery access in coronary angiography: A randomized controlled trial and a meta-analysis. J Interv Cardiol. 2018 Aug;31(4): 496-503.

73 Chang J, Holloway B, Zamisch M, Hepburn MJ, Ling GS. ResQFoam for the treatment on non-compressible hemorrhage on the front line. Mil Med. 2015;180(9):932-933.

74 Rago A, Duggan M, Marini J, et al. Self-expanding foam improves survival following a lethal, exsanguinating iliac artery injury. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2014;77: 73-77.

75 Rago A, Marini J, Duggan M, et al. Diagnosis and deployment of a self-expanding foam for abdominal exsanguination: translation questions for human use. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2015; 2015:78: 607-613

76 Prehospital Trauma Life Support, 9th Edition, Military Edition. Chapter 25, p 802.

77 Tricoci P, Allen JM, Kramer JM, Califf RM, Smith Jr SC. Scientific Evidence Underlying the ACC/AHA Clinical Practice Guidelines. American Medical Association. 2009 Feb; Vol 301, No. 8.

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Evidence Based References:

Bailey JR, Stinner DJ, Blackbourne LH, et al. Combat-related pelvis fractures in non-survivors. J Trauma 2011;71: S58–S61 B-NR

Bailey RA, Simon EM, Kreiner A, Powers D, Baker L, Giles C, Sweet R, Rush SC. Commercial and Improvised Pelvic Compression Devices: Applied Force and Implications for Hemorrhage Control. J Spec Oper Med. 2021 Spring;21(1): 44-48 C-LD

Bennett BL, Littlejohn LF, Kheirabadi BS, Butler FK, Kotwal RS, Dubick MA, Bailey JA. Management of External Hemorrhage in Tactical Combat Casualty Care: Chitosan-Based Hemostatic Gauze Dressings--TCCC Guidelines-Change 13-05. J Spec Oper Med. 2014 Fall;14(3): 40-57 C-LD

Bonner TJ, Eardley WG, Newell N, Masouros S, Matthews JJ, Gibb I, Clasper JC. Accurate placement of a pelvic binder improves reduction of unstable fractures of the pelvic ring. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2011 Nov;93(11): 1524-8 B-NR

Bryson DJ, Davidson R, Mackenzie R. Pelvic circumferential compression devices (PCCDs): a best evidence equipment review. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2012;38: 439–442 C-LD

Butler F, Blackbourne L, Gross KL. The Combat Medic Aid Bag: 2025 - CoTCCC Top 10 recommended battlefield trauma care research, development, and evaluation priorities for 2015. J Spec Oper Med. 2015;15: 7-19 C-EO

Cannon J, Morrison J, Lauer C, Grabo D, Polk T, Blackbourne L, Dubose J, Rasmussen T. Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA) for Hemorrhagic Shock. Mil Med. 2018 Sep 1;183(suppl_2): 55-59 C-EO

Chang J, Holloway B, Zamisch M, Hepburn MJ, Ling GS. ResQFoam for the treatment on non-compressible hemorrhage on the front line. Mil Med. 2015;180(9):932-933 C-EO

Davis JM, Stinner DJ, Bailey JR, et al. Factors associated with mortality in combat-related pelvic fractures. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2012;20(suppl 1): S7–S12 B-NR

Dayan L, Zinmann C, Stahl S, Norman D. Complications Associated with Prolonged Tourniquet Application on the Battlefield. Military Medicine. Volume 173, Issue 1, January 2008: Pages 63–66 C-EO

DeAngelis NA, Wixted JJ, Drew J, et al. Use of the trauma pelvic orthotic device (T-POD) for provisional stabilization of anterior-posterior compression type pelvic fractures: a cadaveric study. Injury. 2008;39: 903–906 C-LD

Drew B, Bird D, Matteucci M, Keenan S. Tourniquet Conversion: A Recommended Approach in the Prolonged Field Care Setting. J Spec Oper Med. 2015 Fall;15(3): 81-5 C-EO

DuBose J, Scalea T, Brenner M, et al. The AAST prospective aortic occlusion for resuscitation in trauma and acute care surgery (AORTA) registry: data on contemporary utilization and outcomes of aortic occlusion and resuscitative balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA). J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2016;81: 409-419 B-NR

Gardner MJ, Parada S, Chip Routt ML Jr. Internal rotation and taping of the lower extremities for closed pelvic reduction. J Orthop Trauma. 2009 May-Jun;23(5): 361-4 C-EO

Halawi MJ. Pelvic ring injuries: Emergency assessment and management. J Clin Orthop Trauma. 2015;6(4): 252-258 C-EO

Improvised Pelvic Compression Device Instruction. Combat Medic/Corpsman Tactical Combat Casualty Care Skill Instructions. Module 9. 23 Jan 2021 Tier 3

Inoue J, Shiraishi A, Yoshiyuki A, Haruta K, Matsui H, Otomo Y. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta might be dangerous in patients with severe torso trauma: A propensity score analysis. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2016;80: 559-567 B-NR

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Kragh JF Jr, O'Neill ML, Walters TJ, Jones JA, Baer DG, Gershman LK, Wade CE, Holcomb JB. Minor morbidity with emergency tourniquet use to stop bleeding in severe limb trauma: research, history, and reconciling advocates and abolitionists. Mil Med. 2011;176(7): 817–23 B-NR

Kragh JF, Walters TJ, Baer DG, et al. Practical use of emergency tourniquets to stop bleeding in major limb trauma. J Trauma. 2008;64(2) (suppl): S38-S49 B-NR

Kuner V, van Veelen N, Studer S, Van de Wall B, Fornaro J, Stickel M, Knobe M, Babst R, Beeres FJP, Link BC. Application of Pelvic Circumferential Compression Devices in Pelvic Ring Fractures-Are Guidelines Followed in Daily Practice? J Clin Med. 2021 Mar 21;10(6): 1297 B-NR

Lee C, Porter KM, Hodgetts TJ. Tourniquet use in the civilian prehospital setting. Emerg Med J. 2007;24(8): 584-587 C-EO

Manley J, Mitchell B, DuBose J, Rasmussen T. A modern case series of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) in an out-of-hospital, combat casualty care setting. J Spec Oper Med. 2017;17: 1-8 B-NR

Marquis-Gravel G1, Tremblay-Gravel M1, Lévesque J1, Généreux P1,2,3, Schampaert E1, Palisaitis D1, Doucet M1, Charron T1, Terriault P1, Tessier P1. Ultrasound guidance versus anatomical landmark approach for femoral artery access in coronary angiography: A randomized controlled trial and a meta-analysis. J Interv Cardiol. 2018 Aug;31(4): 496-503 B-R

Morrison JJ, Rasmussen TE. Noncompressible torso hemorrhage: a review with contemporary definitions and management strategies. Surg Clin North Am. 2012 Aug;92(4): 843-58 C-EO

Morrison JJ. Noncompressible Torso Hemorrhage. Crit Care Clin. 2017 Jan;33(1): 37-54 C-EO

Northern DM, Manley JD, Lyon R, et al. Recent advances in austere combat surgery: Use of aortic balloon occlusion as well as blood challenges by special operations medical forces in recent combat operations. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2018 Jul;85(1S Suppl 2): S98-S103 C-EO

Nunn T, Cosker TDA, Bose D, et al. Immediate application of improvised pelvic binder as first step in extended resuscitation from life-threatening hypovolemic shock in conscious patients with unstable pelvic injuries. Injury. 2007;38: 125–128 C-EO

Phillips R, Friberg M, Lantz Cronqvist M, Jonson C-O, Prytz E (2020) Visual estimates of blood loss by medical laypeople: Effects of blood loss volume, victim gender, and perspective. PLoS ONE 15(11): e0242096 C-LD

Phillips R, Friberg M, Lantz Cronqvist M, Jonson C-O, Prytz E. Visual Blood Loss Estimation Accuracy: Directions for Future Research Based on a Systematic Literature Review. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting. 2020;64(1): 1411-1415

Prasarn ML, Conrad B, Small J, et al. Comparison of circumferential pelvic sheeting versus the T-POD on unstable pelvic injuries: a cadaveric study of stability. Injury. 2013;44: 1756–1759 C-LD

Rago A, Duggan M, Marini J, et al. Self-expanding foam improves survival following a lethal, exsanguinating iliac artery injury. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2014;77: 73-77 C-LD

Rago A, Marini J, Duggan M, et al. Diagnosis and deployment of a self-expanding foam for abdominal exsanguination: translation questions for human use. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2015; 2015:78: 607-613 C-LD

Rasmussen T, Eliason J. Military-civilian partnership in device innovation: development, commercial and application of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2017 Oct;83(4): 732-735 C-EO

Reva VA, Matsumura Y, Hörer T, et al. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta: what is the optimum occlusion time in an ovine model of hemorrhagic shock? Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2018 Aug;44(4): 511-518 C-LD

Ribeiro J, Maurício AD, Costa CTK, Néder PR, Augusto SS, Di-Saverio S, Brenner M. Expanding indications and results for the use of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta - REBOA. Rev Col Bras Cir. 2019 Dec 20;46(5): e20192334 C-EO

Routt MLC, Falicov A, Woodhouse E, et al. Circumferential pelvic antishock sheeting: a temporary resuscitation aid. J Orthop Trauma. 2002;16: 45–48 C-EO

Shackelford S, Hammesfahr R, Morissette D, Montgomery HR, Kerr W, Broussard M, Bennett BL, Dorlac WC, Bree S, Butler FK. The Use of Pelvic Binders in Tactical Combat Casualty Care: TCCC Guidelines Change 1602 7 November 2016. J Spec Oper Med. 2017 Spring;17(1): 135-147 C-EO

Shlamovitz G.Z., Mower W.R., Bergman J. How (un)useful is the pelvic ring stability examination in diagnosing mechanically unstable pelvic fractures in blunt trauma patients? J Trauma. 2009;66(3): 815–820 B-NR

Stannard A, Morrison JJ, Scott DJ, et al. The epidemiology of noncompressible torso hemorrhage in the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2013;74(3): 830–4 B-NR

Stokes SC, Theodorou CM, Zakaluzny SA, DuBose JJ, Russo RM. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in combat casualties: The past, present, and future. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2021 Aug 1;91(2S Suppl 2): S56-S64 C-EO

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White CE, Hsu JR, Holcomb JB. Hemodynamically unstable pelvic fractures. Injury. 2009;40: 1023–1030 C-EO

C-EO